HomeMy WebLinkAboutEthics - Handout- Pt Arthur (Nov 30 2023)City of Port Arthur November 30, 2023
Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (c)2023 1
Alan Bojorquez
Municipal Attorney based in Austin, TX
Manages statewide Municipal Law firm (since 2002)
Texas Tech University:
JD, MPA, BA
Former Staff Lawyer, Texas Municipal League
Past-President, Texas City Attorney Assn
Board Member, International Municipal Lawyers Assn
Honorary Member, International City Mgt Assn
Honorary Member, Texas Muni Clerk Assn
Ambassador Award, Texas Tech Univ School of Law
Author, Tex Muni Law & Proc Manual (7th Ed.)City of Port Arthur
November 30, 2023
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
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“It’s a Matter of Trust”–Billy Joel
•2021 Survey published
•Americans that Trust Government to handle problems:
•39% trust Federal
•57% trust State
•66% trust Local
Why are we talking about this?
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
1.Common Codes of Conduct
2.Professional Codes
3.State Law
4.Port Arthur’s Code
5.Quiz
Today’s Agenda
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Part 1: Common Codes of Conduct
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Ethics of Reciprocity
"In everything, therefore, treat people the same way you
want them to treat you, for this is the Law and the Prophets.”
Matthew 7:12November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
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1. Thou shalt have no other gods before Me.
2. Thou shalt not make idols.
3. Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD your God in vain.
4. Thou shalt remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.
5. Thou shalt honor your father and your mother.
6. Thou shalt not murder.
7. Thou shalt not commit adultery.
8. Thou shalt not steal.
9. Thou shalt not bear false witness against your neighbor.
10.Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor’s wife (house, car, animals, belongings, etc).
10 Commandments
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Betty’s Law
Thou Shall Not Embarrass me in Public!
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Part 2: Professional Codes
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International City Management Association
Tenet 7. Refrain from all political activities which undermine public
confidence in professional administrators. Refrain from participation
in the election of the members of the employing legislative body.
Tenet 11. Handle all matters of personnel on the basis of merit so
that fairness and impartiality govern a member’s decisions,
pertaining to appointments, pay adjustments, promotions, and
discipline.
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International Institute of Municipal Clerks
To so conduct my public and private life as to be an
example to my fellow citizens;
To be ever mindful of my neutrality and impartiality,
rendering equal service to all and to extend the same
treatment I wish to receive myself;
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Building Officials Association of Texas
Accept no form of personal favors or gratuity for
public services rendered and conscientiously
avoid all circumstances that could compromise
professional integrity
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American Planners Association
Code of Ethics & Professional Conduct
We Shall Not:
•As Salaried Employee Moonlight without Permission
•Accept pay from others related to our public job
•Work on project for Employer that benefits Family member
•Use info to personal advantage
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
More Professional Associations
Texas Police Chiefs Association (TPCA)
At all times, members shall completely and accurately represent their credentials,
including prior employment, education, certifications and personal history
International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC)
Recognize that we serve in a position of public trust that imposes
responsibility to use publicly owned resources effectively and judiciously.
Texas Court Clerks Association
A member, shall conduct him or herself without bias or prejudice including, but not
limited to, bias or prejudice based upon race, gender, skin color, religion, age,
sexual orientation, national origin, language, marital status, socioeconomic status,
or physical or mental challenge.
Government Finance Officers Association of Texas (GFOAT)
Support equity in service provision. Local government services are critical to the lives of
our citizens. Finance offices, because of their resource allocation role, can impact the
quality of services and how and where services are provided. I commit to valuing
diversity within my organization and within my community, recognizing my own biases,
and calling out unfair discrimination of any kind.November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
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Part 3: State Law
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Conflicts of Interest
Tex. Loc. Gov’t Code Ch. 171
Local Public Officials (Members and Officers of Gov. Body)
Applies if Official or 1st-Degree Relative Has Substantial Interest in:
• Business Entity
‾Own 10% Voting Stock/Shares
‾Own $15,000 of FMV
‾Receive >10% Gross Income
• Real Property
‾Own $2,500+ of FMV
Must Declare (Through Affidavit)
Must Abstain (Talking & Voting)
On Any Matter Involving Entity / Property
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Incompatibility
Common Law Rule (not Statutory)
Case-By-Case Determination by Courts
•Conflict of Loyalties
•Conflict of Duties
Can’t appoint yourself
Can’t be own supervisor
• e.g., Councilmember can’t be City Manager,
Mayor can’t be on School Board
•Thomas v. Abernathy County Line ISD (1927)
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Public Disclosures
Tex. Loc. Gov’t Code Ch. 176
Applies to Local Government Officers
• Mayors, Council Members, Executive Officers
• Agents exercising discretion regarding Contracts
Must File Conflicts Disclosure Statements (Form CIS)
‾Officer or Relative (1st Degree) Receives from Vendor
‾Business / Employment Income >$2,500 in prior 12 mos.
‾Gifts >$100 in prior 12 mos.
‾Officer Related to Vendor
‾3rd Degree by Blood, 2nd Degree by Affinity
When Vendor is seeking city business
File w/in 7 days of becoming aware of facts
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Criminal Offenses: Bribery
Tex. Penal Code § 36.02
Public Servant violates the law if they
‾Offer, Solicit, or Accept
‾Any Benefit as Consideration
‾For a Decision, Opinion, Vote,
Recommendation, or Action
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Criminal Offenses: Gifts
Tex. Penal Code § 36.08
Public Servant May Not Solicit or Accept a Benefit
−From a person subject to their jurisdiction (authority)
Examples
−Health inspector receiving gift from regulated business
−Councilmember receiving gift from likely city contractor
−Police officer receiving gift from inmate
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Criminal Offenses: Gifts (Exceptions)
Not Prohibited by Penal Code § 36.08
Item worth <$50 (except no cash, negotiable instrument, gift cards , debit cards)
Given on account of independent relationship
Family, personal, professional, business
Fee for services provided outside official capacity
Must reflect value of work
Food, Entertainment, Transportation, Lodging
When accepted as guest & reported (by lobbyist)
Certain government-issued items
Certain legal services provided to first responders
Reported political contributions, lobby expenditures
Unsolicited benefit: Donate to tax-exempt charityNovember 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Criminal Offenses: Misuse Info
Tex. Penal Code § 39.06
A Public Official cannot use
For Personal Gain or Speculation
Knowledge acquired by holding Public Office
If data not available to the General Public
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Criminal Offenses: Abuse of Office
Tex. Penal Code § 39.02
Public Servant commits offense if
Intends to obtain a benefit, or
Intends to harm or defraud another and
Violates law regarding office held or
Misuses government property,
services, personnel, or other
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Part 4: Port Arthur Code of Ethics
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Port Arthur
Ordinance No. 23-41 (Effective October 15, 2023)
Assumption: It is essential in a democratic system that the public
have confidence in the integrity, independence, and impartiality of
those acting on their behalf in government
Purpose: Promote confidence in the government of Port Arthur
and enhance the City’s ability to function effectively.
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Port Arthur: Applicability
Official:
Mayor & Council Members
Municipal Court Judges
City Manager
City Attorney
City Secretary
Members of Boards & Commissions
Former Officials
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Port Arthur: Improper Economic Benefit
Can’t take Official Action if benefits:
Official
Client / Customer
Employer (current or prospective—has received an offer)
Business Entity (has ownership interest in)
Business Entity (family has ownership interest in)
Must Disclose & Recuse
§B.1
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Port Arthur: Unfair Advancement of Private Interest
Can’t use Official position to:
Acquire interest in Impending Matters (upcoming transactions)
Induce Reciprocal Favors (tit for tat / quid pro quo)
Appoint Relatives (Nepotism)
Obtain Funding for Nonprofit (if you’re on the board)
Must Disclose & Recuse §B.2November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
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Port Arthur: Gifts
Can’t Solicit or Accept any unless:
Special Occasion (as appropriate given nature of relationship)
Travel Expenses (as authorized by city policies)
Public Award (for service or professional achievement)
Loan (from lending institution in the regular course of business)
Scholarship / Fellowship (under same terms / conditions as other applicants)
Admission to Event (when participating as an official duty)
Campaign Contributions (lawful)
Attendance at Social Functions (civic events / PR)
Gifts (at social functions, eg, church, work, city hall)
Bonus (as part of regular employment)§B.3
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Port Arthur: Confidential Info
Official can’t:
Improperly Access
Improperly Disclose / Use
§B.4
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Port Arthur: Represent Private Interests
Official can’t:
Represent anyone before board you serve on
Represent another before City (can represent yourself)
Represent anyone adverse to City (if you’re a salaried employee)
Represent anyone adverse City (can represent yourself if not a
salaried employee)
§B.5 November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Port Arthur: Public Property & Resources
Official can’t:
Use City facilities, personnel, EQ, supplies for private purpose
Exception: City Policy makes available to you / public
§B.6
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Port Arthur: Political Activities
Official can’t:
Influence / Induce Subordinates regarding political activities
Be Compensated for Campaigning for a ballot measure if was
involved in getting the item on the ballot
Display campaign materials on City vehicles
Generally encouraging someone to vote is ok.
§B.7 November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Port Arthur: Actions of Others
Officials can’t:
Assist / Induce others to violate Port Arthur’s Code of Ethics
Use others to Engage in Forbidden Conduct.
§B.8
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Port Arthur: Interactions w/ City Staff
City Councilmembers & Board Members must:
Remain aware of the lack of authority as individuals
Not make individual, public judgments of employee performance
Not circumvent the authority of the City Manager or attempt to
coerce or intimidate employees or interfere with their duties
§B.9
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Port Arthur: Interactions w/ Public
City Councilmembers & Board Members can’t:
Speak for the Council or their Board
Except as explicitly authorized by the Council, Board or Charter
§B.10
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Port Arthur: Review Process
How the Code is Administered
City Attorney Opinions (can be issued in writing in advance)
Complaints (any person, writing, sworn, specific)
Confidentiality (to the extent allowed by law)
Notice (to accused, City Secretary, City Attorney)
Review Complaint (by the City Attorney)
Council Oversees (dismiss or investigate / hearing)
Punishment
§§E&F
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Home Rule Charter
Council can’t:
Try to Appoint / Remove admin staff (directly/indirectly unless in Charter)
Give order to admin staff (publicly / privately)
Council must:
Deal with admin staff through the City Manager
Art II, §8
Council can’t appoint relatives (no Nepotism)
Art XVI, §3November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
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Part 7: Ethics Quiz
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Scenario 4: Campaign Assistance
Elected Official asks City Secretary for help.
City Sec is asked to complete Campaign Finance
reports for the Official during and after the election.
That Stinks!
or
No Prob.
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Scenario 6: Let’s Do Lunch!
Official has series of private lunches at invitation of 3
finalists for Solid Waste Contract.
Contract is for a 7-year exclusive franchise.
That Stinks!
or
No Prob.
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Scenario 9: Enjoy the Perks!
City Official heads down the road to Dallas.
They enjoy a suite at NBA game.
That Stinks!
or
No Prob.
Suite belongs to investor in a
company that mows the grass
at city parks & maintains soccer
fields.November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
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Scenario 19: Moonlighting
City Official owns a consulting business.
Provides urban planning, design, and mapping / GIS services.
Clients include local developers and builders.
That Stinks!
or
No Prob.
November 30, 2023 Bojorquez Law Firm, PC (2016)
Scenario 20: Email is Easy and Free
City Official has a business selling cosmetics.
Official uses their city-issued email account (address / auto
signature) to transmit a receipt to a client.
That Stinks!
or
No Prob.
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Parting Words
Make training a priority
Be familiar with the law & rules
Engage in an ongoing dialogue
Network with honorable colleagues
Know your place (your role)
Remember you are part of a team
Imagine your worst enemy learns
Keep your eye on the ball
Remember why you got into public service in the first place
Don’t be so eager to please that you become your client’s problem
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Do your part to Foster a Culture of Integrity
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